Taking Charge: How Is 卵巢癌 Treated?
卵巢癌的主要治疗方法是手术、化疗和放射治疗. Often several treatments are used together.
手术
手术切除尽可能多的癌细胞是治疗的重要组成部分. If you are diagnosed with ovarian cancer, 你应该去妇科肿瘤学家那里接受治疗,他是一名接受过女性生殖器官癌症手术专门训练的十大赌博平台排行榜. 妇科肿瘤学家也将能够执行任何重建程序,可能需要作为癌症切除的一部分.
卵巢癌的手术通常采用剖腹手术,即腹部切口. 外科十大赌博平台排行榜将能够看到癌症是否出现在骨盆或腹部的其他器官上, such as the uterus, 输卵管, bladder or bowel, and will remove as much of it as possible. If the cancer seems to be confined to the ovary, 外科十大赌博平台排行榜也可以用液体冲洗腹部,然后在显微镜下检查液体是否含有癌细胞.
如果可能的话, 如果女性在治疗后想要孩子,外科十大赌博平台排行榜会尽量留下至少一个卵巢和子宫. 手术类型包括切除一个卵巢(单侧卵巢切除术)或两个卵巢(双侧卵巢切除术)。, 单输卵管(单侧输卵管切除术)或双输卵管(双侧输卵管切除术), and removing the uterus (hysterectomy). 外科十大赌博平台排行榜可能还需要切除一些淋巴结(淋巴结切除术)和部分肠.
化疗
Administering drugs to kill cancer cells is called chemotherapy. As with breast and other cancers, anti-cancer drugs are dripped into a vein intravenously, or given by mouth (orally). 有时治疗直接注射到盆腔,称为腹腔注射.
化疗通常是全身性的,这意味着它通过血液传遍全身. 这使得它对治疗已经扩散到卵巢以外的卵巢癌(转移)非常有帮助。.
化疗通常是循环进行的——使用一种或多种药物,然后休息一段时间. 上皮性卵巢癌的化疗通常包括六个周期,为期五到六个月. 通常,女性用几种药物联合治疗,包括铂化合物,如顺铂或卡铂, 还有一个紫杉烷, such as paclitaxel (Taxol).
Epithelial ovarian cancer tends to respond to chemotherapy, but any remaining cells may eventually begin to grow again. If the tumor recurs, your doctor may give you additional treatment with the same drugs, or try other agents.
Germ cell tumors are treated with different drugs. 交界性EOCs和间质瘤通常不采用化疗治疗.
Radiation therapy
High-energy X-rays may also be used to kill cancer cells. The treatment may be given through an external X-ray beam, or by placing an implant of radioactive material near the tumor.
Treatment side effects
Cancer therapy can have side effects. Some of these go away with time, some do not. Common side effects are listed below:
- 手术. Removal of both ovaries means that you will go into 更年期 if you have not previously done so.
- 化疗. 化疗 drugs damage some normal cells that grow rapidly, in addition to killing rapidly growing cancer cells. 化疗的暂时副作用包括恶心和呕吐, loss of appetite, 脱发, mouth and vaginal sores, changes in the menstrual cycle, and low blood cell counts.
低血细胞计数反过来又会导致感染的机会增加, bleeding or bruising, 和疲劳. In very rare instances, women may develop acute myeloid leukemia, a cancer of white blood cells, from anticancer drugs. In younger women, 如果没有切除卵巢,化疗也会损害卵巢, creating premature 更年期 and infertility.
在一般情况下, there are more "chemoprotectants" available than in the past, 在病人接受化疗时,哪些帮助他们维持日常活动. 例如,经常使用可以减轻恶心和呕吐的药物(止吐药). - Radiation therapy. 辐射会对你的皮肤造成暂时的损伤,引起疲劳、恶心或腹泻.
任何癌症治疗的副作用都应该引起十大赌博平台排行榜的注意. Remember that often these side effects can be treated.
临床试验
在你的治疗过程中,你的十大赌博平台排行榜可能会建议你参加临床试验. 临床试验是对有前景的新药或实验性药物或其他疗法的研究. Enrollment in any clinical trial is your decision. 和你的十大赌博平台排行榜谈谈在你的特殊情况下可能的好处.
阅读更多
- Next section of Taking Charge: Living With Cancer
Return to the Taking Charge Index
- What Is 乳腺癌?
- 乳腺癌 Risk Factors
- If You Are at High Risk for 乳腺癌
- Screening for 乳腺癌
- How Is 乳腺癌 Diagnosed?
- How Is 乳腺癌 Treated?
- What Is 卵巢癌?
- Who Gets 卵巢癌?
- If You Are at High Risk for 卵巢癌
- Screening for 卵巢癌
- How Is 卵巢癌 Diagnosed?
- How is 卵巢癌 Treated?
- Living with 卵巢癌
- Diet, Lifestyle and Cancer
- Glossary of Terms
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. 它仅用于教育目的,并不打算取代您的十大赌博平台排行榜或其他医疗保健提供者的建议. 我们鼓励您与您的供应商讨论您可能遇到的任何问题或疑虑.